Rio de Janeiro is a city like none other that I’ve ever been to. Everywhere you look you see juxtaposition. Low lying beaches are situated right next to steep and jagged mountains. The wealthy live adjacent to the extremely poor. Many people gorge themselves on copious amounts of food, while people outside of these restaurants are begging for cents. It is an extreme city, that unless you make an effort to learn about and witness, can easily be missed.
We have been hearing about “favela tours” since we first arrived. Even though we’ve heard they’re fantastic and so forth, there is a strange sense of exploitation that I felt accompanied these tours. However, we decided to go ahead and go on a tour of the Rocinha favela mainly due to the fact that the tour company claims to donate 60% of the price of the tour back into favela infrastructure (day care centers, schools, homes, etc.). I’m not a naïve fool and am skeptical that all this money actually goes to these beneficial causes, but if even half of this money makes a difference for some people then I think the decision to go on the tour was a sound one.
Favelas define Rio de Janeiro. There are over 750 current favelas and they are home to over 20% of the entire population of Rio. Over 4 million people live in favelas. For those of you that are unfamiliar with the term, a favela is a slum or shanty town. All of the favelas in Rio are run by drug lords. They have a variety of origins, however are mainly characterized by people squatting on open patches of land and just building. Rocinha, for example, is the largest favela in the world, housing over 300,000 people. Of those people only 10,000 are directly involved in the drug trade, with only 4,000 being “soldiers.” Despite the fact that only 3.3% of the population is actively involved in drugs (the import and sale, rarely the use…due to cost), everyone is affected. Because Rocinha is so large, it is actually run by two different drug lords, one for the lower part of the favela, another for the upper part. These current guys are only 22 and 23 years old. The average life expectancy of a drug lord is 20-25 years old. They have never left the favela and should they leave now they will either be arrested or killed.
The major problem with this favela as well as the others, is that the favelas are usually geographically contained between mountains, forest, beach, or other natural landmarks. Rocinha is no different. There is no room for expansion, yet the population in a few years is expected to surpass 500,000 people. The average family has 7 to 8 kids and begins when these “boys and girls” begin having children at 12, 13 years old. This type of growth will lead to some extraordinary revolution…sooner rather than later. My guess is that either there will be some sort of epidemic that will wipe out a large percentage of the favela population or there will be a revolution involving an uprising of these people in Rio. The landscape of this city is bound to change and it is only a matter of seeing how and if there is anything that someone can do to help.

Getting to the top of Rocinha may have been the most dangerous things I’ve ever done in my life (recall my sky diving, bungee jumping, hang gliding, and rock climbing ways). There is one main road in the entire favela. We each jumped on the back of a motorcycle for the scariest ride of my life. My driver had a helmet, which I knew was not a good sign. Did he have a helmet for me? Of course not. I was very relieved once we reached the top of the road. Oh and since I’m still alive (and have an un-cracked skull), I say it was one of the most exciting things I’ve ever done.
Feet are the means of transportation within the favela. Alleys are barely wide enough to let two people pass each other at the same time. Trash is everywhere. A mix of water and urine run down these narrow streets. My best decision of the day was to wear actual shoes instead of flip flops. Combined with the trash and graffiti were mangy dogs, wild (and dirty) roosters, and countless numbers of children. As mentioned before, the average age of people in the favelas is extremely young. I’d guesstimate that over 50% of the people that we saw were under the age of 8. This is very sad in one sense because it is evident to us what life they have ahead of them. Our guide told us that their dreams were to become a footballer (soccer player), drug lord, or famous actor. Realistically though, by age 10, the boys will have to decide whether or not to join the drug cartel as a dealer or soldier. Yet at the same time, these were the only people that we saw that exhibited optimism and hope. You could see it in their eyes when they asked us to take their pictures. Our guide told us they love having pictures taken because they think that they will end up on TV, become famous, and get out of the favela. It is depressing, but I continued to take pictures because it makes them happy and might spread knowledge of the plight of the favelas.


A couple weeks ago the Brazilian President, Lulu, made his first trip into a Rio favela. I’m not sure of the details, but he’s beginning a new program aimed to help these people. Having been inside the favela, I’m not really sure what can be done, yet the fact that at least there is some effort keeps optimism alive. People around the world need to know more about what is going on in Rio. If you haven’t seen City of God or the soon to be released (Jan. 25, 2008 according to imdb.com) Tropa de Elite (Elite Squad) you need to. They are very graphic, and according to all the Brazilians we’ve talked with, unfortunately very accurate.

